Prediction of carbon monoxide concentration and optimization of the smoke exhaust system in a busbar corridor
Affiliation of Author(s):
建筑设备科学与工程学院
Key Words:
中文关键字：排烟；一氧化碳浓度；火灾动态模拟；廊道火灾，英文关键字：smoke exhaust;carbon monoxide concentration;FDS;co
Abstract:
Fire in underground structures can result in devastating consequences in terms of both economic
damage and loss of life. Hydro-electric plants are typically underground windowless structures. In
an underground hydropower station, the busbar corridor connects the busbar layer in the main
power plant with the main transformer chamber. This structure forms the channel that is crucial
for electrical power transmission. In this paper, a computational method, Fire Dynamics Simulator
(FDS), was carried out on a model of a two-story busbar corridor structure based on actual fire test
results as a validation case. Twenty-four prediction conditions were taken into account to evaluate
the original design of the exhausting system and optimize the busbar corridor modeled smoke
control scheme. In those predictions five factors were varied: the heat release rate (HRR), the story
height, the air change rate (ACH), the exhaust outlet positions and the airflow inlet positions.
Since toxic compounds, especially carbon monoxide, endanger evacuating people in fire scenarios,
the carbon monoxide (CO) concentration was reported and used throughout this study as an
indicator of the safety of occupants in the corridor. Of the five varied factors it was found that the
story height and the airflow inlets with natural ventilation influenced the smoke suppression and
control. For the story height of 6.0 m, the filling time is 52 s more than the story height of 4.5 m.
The CO concentration of opening set upstairs only is twice as much of the design condition. Opening
set downstairs only can exhaust smoke faster for occupied area.
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